1. Nero
   Claudius
2. Trajan
   Tiberius

Claudius was born in Gaul. This made him the first emperor born outside Italy.

1. Hadrian's Wall
   Great Wall of Britain
2. Caesar's Wall
   The Roman Wall

The construction of Hadrian's Wall began in AD 122. It helped defend against Britons who lived north of the wall.

1. 1
   3
2. 7
   15

Power constantly swayed between the kingdoms. Smaller kingdoms also existed, but had little influence.

1. Thomas Becket
   Gregory the Great
2. Saint Augustine of Canterbury
   Edmund of Abingdon

Saint Augustine was the first Archbishop of Canterbury. He is widely credited with being the founder of the Catholic Church in England.

1. Battle of Hastings
   Battle of Agincourt
2. Battle of Naseby
   Battle of Ellandun

As Egbert rose to power in Wessex, Mercia was the dominant kingdom in England. With this victory, power shifted to Wessex.

1. Danelaw
   Unification of England
2. French invasion
   The First Crusade

Danelaw was the law of the Danes. It governed parts of England under Guthrum, a Danish leader.

1. John
   Athelstan
2. Edmund Ironside
   Harold Godwinson

When Athelstan came to power, the Vikings still had control of York. By defeating the Vikings, Athelstan was crowned King of the English.

1. France
   Ireland
2. Scandinavia
   Italy

Cnut the Great was often referred to as Canute. His combined kingdom is known as the North Sea Empire.

1. Battle of Agincourt
   Battle of Naseby
2. Battle of Plassey
   Battle of Hastings

The Battle of Hastings was a result of Harold Godwinson being crowned King of England. He took control after King Edward died without an heir.

1. William the Conqueror
   Rollo
2. Edward II
   Richard I

William served as the Duke of Normandy before invading England. He was a descendant of Rollo, the first Duke of Normandy.

1. The Canterbury Tales
   The Devine Comedy
2. Domesday Book
   Grettir's Saga

The Domesday Book was written in Medieval Latin. Today, the book is located in The National Archives in London.

1. Laws of the Kings
   Constitutions of Clarendon
2. Magna Carta
   The Salic Law

Much of English history is shaped by the power struggle between the pope and the King of England. The pope, of course, was located in Italy but used bishops to assert authority.

1. Geoffrey Chaucer​
   Thomas Becket
2. John de Stratford
   John Moore

Thomas Becket was the Archbishop of Canterbury during the reign of Henry II. He refused to recognize the king's authority over the Catholic Church.

1. Austria
   Norway
2. Spain
   Italy

Richard I was the son of Henry II. He was considered a great military leader during his reign.

1. Rome
   Constantinople
2. Spain
   Middle East

King Richard I led the Third Crusade into the Holy Land. He had success during the journey but failed to capture Jerusalem.

1. Peasants' Revolt
   War of 1812
2. The First Barons' War
   The English Civil War

The First Barons' War was a result of disgruntled barons in England who opposed King John. These barons were supported by Louis VIII of France.

1. Magna Carta
   The Declaration of Arbroath
2. Laws of the Kings
   The Salic Law

The Magna Carta took a significant amount of power away from the king. Though King John refused to stand by it, future kings would use parts of the document when dealing with wealthy landowners.

1. Invading France
   Refusing an appointed archbishop
2. Not fighting in the Crusades
   Killing a priest

King John was excommunicated by Pope Innocent III. The two would eventually make up, as Innocent became an adamant supporter of the king and helped him with his struggle against Philip II of France.

1. Treaty of Redon
   Treaty of London
2. Treaty of York
   Treaty of Greenwich

Signed in 1237, the Treaty of York ended the expansion of the Kingdom of Scotland. The border that was created is relatively the same today.

1. Intercursus Magnus
   Convention of Nymegen
2. The Salic Law
   Statutes of Mortmain​

The Statutes of Mortmain was signed by Edward I of England. It ensured the king could collect taxes for feudal services.

1. Geoffrey Chaucer
   William Shakespeare
2. Oscar Wilde
   Virginia Woolf

The Canterbury Tales consists of 24 stories. The book depicts pilgrims who try to win a prize by telling the best story.

1. Robert Burns
   William Wallace
2. Charles Stuart
   Lord Macbeth

William Wallace was eventually captured by the English. He was executed for treason by being hanged, drawn and quartered.

1. Treaty of Edinburgh-Northampton
   Treaty of the Hague
2. Treaty of London
   Treaty of Greenwich

The treaty established Robert the Bruce as the rightful ruler in Scotland. The peace wouldn't last, however, as the Second War of Scottish Independence occurred a few years later.

1. The Antonine Plague
   Cholera
2. The Plague
   The Plague of Justinian

The Plague most likely started in Central Asia and spread through rodents. It killed millions of people throughout Europe.

1. Germany
   Spain
2. Italy
   France

The Hundred Years' War saw a rise in the use of gunpowder. It was also the birth of nationalism for many in France and Britain.

1. Henry Percy
   Wat Tyler
2. Robert Kett
   Christopher Blount

The Peasants' Revolt had some success, particularly early in the fighting. However, after Wat Tyler was killed, the rebellion fell apart.

1. House of York
   House of Denmark
2. House of Wessex
   House of Anjou

The House of Lancaster won the war. Richard III, the last Yorkish king, was killed during the Battle of Bosworth Field.

1. James II
   Henry VIII
2. William IV
   James VI

Henry had six wives throughout his life. Part of his split from the Catholic Church was due to his desire to divorce his first wife.

1. Jamestown
   New Brunswick
2. Nova Scotia
   New Cambriol

Jamestown was founded under King James I. However, it was financed by the Virginia Company, which hoped to find resources to exploit.

1. George Orwell
   Oscar Wilde
2. J.R.R. Tolkien
   William Shakespeare

William Shakespeare is regarded as one of the greatest writers in history. His poetry and plays are still read and performed today.

1. Winston Churchill
   Walter Raleigh
2. Oliver Cromwell
   Thomas Paine

Oliver Cromwell helped transform England into a republic. However, he still maintained a significant amount of power, and many would call him a dictator.

1. Royalists
   Kingsmen
2. Saxons
   French

The English Civil War pitted Parliament against King Charles I. The war resulted in the death of Charles I and the banishment of his son Charles II to France.

1. Treaty of Greenwich
   Treaty of the More
2. Treaty of Redon
   Treaty of Union

The Treaty of Union united England and Scotland under one government. The union went into effect in 1707.

1. 4
   8
2. 13
   20

The American Revolution resulted in the creation of the United States. The 13 colonies would eventually become 50 states, as the U.S. became a global power in future decades.

1. Thomas Paine
   Winston Churchill
2. John Lennon
   Francis Drake

Winston Churchill was one of the most influential figures in modern British history. His words of encouragement inspired Britain during Germany's onslaught in the early years of World War II.